如何找出并打包文件成 tar 包

来源： SDK.cn 类型：技术文章发布：2018-01-23 12:01:40

Q：我想找出所有的 *.doc 文件并将它们创建成一个 tar 包，然后存储在 /nfs/backups/docs/file.tar中。是否可以在 Linux 或者类 Unix 系统上查找并 tar 打包文件？

find 命令用于按照给定条件在目录层次结构中搜索文件。tar 命令是用于 Linux 和类 Unix 系统创建 tar 包的归档工具。

让我们看看如何将 tar 命令与 find 命令结合在一个命令行中创建一个 tar 包。

Find 命令

语法是：

find /path/to/search -name "file-to-search" -options
## 找出所有 Perl（*.pl）文件 ##
find $HOME -name "*.pl" -print
## 找出所有 *.doc 文件 ##
find $HOME -name "*.doc" -print
## 找出所有 *.sh（shell 脚本）并运行 ls -l 命令 ##
find . -iname "*.sh" -exec ls -l {} +

最后一个命令的输出示例：

-rw-r--r-- 1 vivek vivek 1169 Apr  4  2017 ./backups/ansible/cluster/nginx.build.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 1500 Dec  6 14:36 ./bin/cloudflare.pure.url.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek   13 Dec 31  2013 ./bin/cmspostupload.sh -> postupload.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek   12 Dec 31  2013 ./bin/cmspreupload.sh -> preupload.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek   14 Dec 31  2013 ./bin/cmssuploadimage.sh -> uploadimage.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek   13 Dec 31  2013 ./bin/faqpostupload.sh -> postupload.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek   12 Dec 31  2013 ./bin/faqpreupload.sh -> preupload.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek   14 Dec 31  2013 ./bin/faquploadimage.sh -> uploadimage.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 vivek vivek  778 Nov  6 14:44 ./bin/mirror.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek  136 Apr 25  2015 ./bin/nixcraft.com.301.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek  547 Jan 30  2017 ./bin/paypal.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek  531 Dec 31  2013 ./bin/postupload.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek  437 Dec 31  2013 ./bin/preupload.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 1046 May 18  2017 ./bin/purge.all.cloudflare.domain.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek   13 Dec 31  2013 ./bin/tipspostupload.sh -> postupload.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek   12 Dec 31  2013 ./bin/tipspreupload.sh -> preupload.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek   14 Dec 31  2013 ./bin/tipsuploadimage.sh -> uploadimage.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 1193 Oct 18  2013 ./bin/uploadimage.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek   29 Nov  6 14:33 ./.vim/plugged/neomake/tests/fixtures/errors.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek  215 Nov  6 14:33 ./.vim/plugged/neomake/tests/helpers/trap.sh

Tar 命令

要创建 /home/vivek/projects 目录的 tar 包，运行：

$ tar -cvf /home/vivek/projects.tar /home/vivek/projects

结合 find 和 tar 命令

语法是：

find /dir/to/search/ -name "*.doc" -exec tar -rvf out.tar声明：所有来源为“聚合数据”的内容信息，未经本网许可，不得转载！如对内容有异议或投诉，请与我们联系。邮箱：marketing@think-land.com

find /path/to/search -name "file-to-search" -options ## 找出所有 Perl（*.pl）文件 ## find $HOME -name "*.pl" -print ## 找出所有 *.doc 文件 ## find $HOME -name "*.doc" -print ## 找出所有 *.sh（shell 脚本）并运行 ls -l 命令 ## find . -iname "*.sh" -exec ls -l {} +

-rw-r--r-- 1 vivek vivek 1169 Apr 4 2017 ./backups/ansible/cluster/nginx.build.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 1500 Dec 6 14:36 ./bin/cloudflare.pure.url.sh lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek 13 Dec 31 2013 ./bin/cmspostupload.sh -> postupload.sh lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek 12 Dec 31 2013 ./bin/cmspreupload.sh -> preupload.sh lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek 14 Dec 31 2013 ./bin/cmssuploadimage.sh -> uploadimage.sh lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek 13 Dec 31 2013 ./bin/faqpostupload.sh -> postupload.sh lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek 12 Dec 31 2013 ./bin/faqpreupload.sh -> preupload.sh lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek 14 Dec 31 2013 ./bin/faquploadimage.sh -> uploadimage.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 vivek vivek 778 Nov 6 14:44 ./bin/mirror.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 136 Apr 25 2015 ./bin/nixcraft.com.301.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 547 Jan 30 2017 ./bin/paypal.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 531 Dec 31 2013 ./bin/postupload.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 437 Dec 31 2013 ./bin/preupload.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 1046 May 18 2017 ./bin/purge.all.cloudflare.domain.sh lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek 13 Dec 31 2013 ./bin/tipspostupload.sh -> postupload.sh lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek 12 Dec 31 2013 ./bin/tipspreupload.sh -> preupload.sh lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek 14 Dec 31 2013 ./bin/tipsuploadimage.sh -> uploadimage.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 1193 Oct 18 2013 ./bin/uploadimage.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 29 Nov 6 14:33 ./.vim/plugged/neomake/tests/fixtures/errors.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 215 Nov 6 14:33 ./.vim/plugged/neomake/tests/helpers/trap.sh

find /dir/to/search/ -name "*.doc" -exec tar -rvf out.tar声明：所有来源为“聚合数据”的内容信息，未经本网许可，不得转载！如对内容有异议或投诉，请与我们联系。邮箱：marketing@think-land.com